One of the most significant and innovative figures in 20th-century architecture and design, she was also involved in scenography, museography, cinema, teaching and publishing (she was briefly co-editor of Domus and founded various magazines). She participated in the resistance and was among the founders, in 1945, of the Movimento Studi Architettura (MSA). After moving to Sao Paulo she created the new Museum of Art (MASP), an icon of the so-called Brazilian paulista (or brutalist) architecture.